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  1. HHS
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  3. Education & Outreach
  4. Participating in Human R…
  5. Protegiendo A Los Voluntarios Que …
  6. ¿Por qué los reglamentos?
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¿Por qué tenemos reglamentos para proteger a las personas que participan en investigaciones?

Aprenda acerca de los reglamentos que protegen a aquellos que participan en investigaciones científicas, por qué tenemos dichos reglamentos, y quién los hace cumplir.
¿Por qué tenemos reglamentos para proteger a las personas que participan en investigaciones?
¿POR QUÉ LOS REGLAMENTOS?
¿Cuáles son los reglamentos más importantes que protegen a los participantes?
REGLAMENTOS PRINCIPALES
¿Qué oficina federal supervisa y hace cumplir los reglamentos del HHS?
¿QUIÉN SUPERVISA
Y HACE CUMPLIR?
¿Hay investigaciones que no sean controladas por la Common Rule?
OTRAS INVESTIGACIONES
La protección de los voluntarios es una responsabilidad compartida
RESPONSABILIDAD COMPARTIDA
 

¿Por qué tenemos reglamentos para proteger a las personas que participan en investigaciones?

Printable PDF

Los reglamentos que protegen a los que participan en investigaciones se fijaron después de una serie de hechos durante el siglo 20, en los cuales ciertos médicos y científicos abusaron de la confianza en ellos conferida por nuestra sociedad.


Ejemplos de investigaciones realizadas con falta de ética

 
El Juicio de los Médicos de Nuremberg del 1946 constó de un tribunal militar internacional que enjuició y condenó a médicos nazis por llevar a cabo experimentos horríficos con los prisioneros en los campos de concentración del holocausto. Esto resultó en el Código de Nuremberg, un conjunto de reglamentos internacionales de ética en la conducta de investigaciones con seres humanos.
 

También hubieron ejemplos de investigaciones con falta de ética en los EEUU. En el 1966, Henry Beecher, un anestesista e investigador, publicó un artículo en el New England Journal of Medicine (1966; vol. 274, p. 1354-1360) en el que detalló múltiples ejemplos de experimentos con falta de ética conducidos en seres humanos en los EEUU.
 

the New York TimesEn 1972, los diarios publicaron ampliamente los Experimentos de Sífilis de Tuskegee, Alabama. Comenzados en la década de los 30s y continuados por varias décadas más, médicos del gobierno de los EEUU estudiaron el avance de la sífilis en hombres afroamericanos pobres, sin darles ningún tratamiento. Los médicos no les dijeron a ellos que tenían sífilis, evitaron que ellos lo descubrieran, y no le ofrecieron tratamiento ni si quiera después del descubrimiento dela penicilina.
 
Lo cual resultó en:
 

Necesidad de reglamentos para proteger a los seres humanos que participan en investigaciones

El descontento público causado por la publicidad de varios casos de investigaciones con falta de ética resulto en que el Congreso aprobara una ley requiriendo reglamentos federales para proteger a los seres humanos que participan en investigaciones. Los reglamentos se basan en los principios de ética del Belmont Report, el cual fue escrito por una comisión consultiva establecida por el Congreso y publicado en 1979.
 
PREVIAPREVIA
PRÓXIMAPRÓXIMA
HHS y OHRP
Protegiendo a los seres humanos que participan en investigacione
Content last reviewed October 16, 2023
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