Disclosures for Law Enforcement Purposes

Why would HIPAA Privacy Rule require covered entities to turn over anybody's personal health information as part of a government enforcement process?
Does the HIPAA Privacy Rule permit covered entities to disclose protected health information, without individuals' authorization, to public officials responding to a bioterrorism threat or other public health emergency?
When does the Privacy Rule allow covered entities to disclose protected health information to law enforcement officials?
State public records laws, also known as open records or freedom of information laws, all provide for certain public access to government records. How does the HIPAA Privacy Rule relate to these state laws?
May a health plan disclose protected health information to a state child support enforcement (IV-D) agency in response to a National Medical Support Notice?